| Name of Method | What It Is | How It Is Used |
| BLAST searching | Computer scanning of DNA databases | Assigns gene function based on similarity to known genes |
| Synteny | Compares chromosomal gene maps from different species | Assigns gene function based on similarities in sequence and location. |
| Chimeraplasty | Inserts DNA/RNA hybrids into cells | Generates specific gene mutations |
| TUSC(Trait Utility System for Corn) | Inserts DNA that jumps into genes | Generates wholesale mutations in maize. |
| Activation tagging | Inserts DNA enhancers via a plant cell-infecting bacterium | Generates wholesale mutations in plants |
| RNA silencing/Gene overexpression | Infects tobacco plants with genetically altered TMV | Turns tobacco genes either on or off |
| Microarray analysis | DNA snippets on chips | Tracks gene activity |
| Proteomics | Two-dimensional gels of protein expression | Tracks protein expression by cells |
| Metanomics | Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry profiles | Tracks metabolite expression by cells |
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