REPRINTS, COPIES

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Browning Colors
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Color Measurement
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Color Systems
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Maillard Reaction
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Phenolic Reaction
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There are a number of instruments of devices developed to measure color.

Spectrophotomers used for color measurement generally have integrators with storage values for X bar, y bar, and z bar such that direct readouts of tristimus values may be obtained. It needs to be recognized that the instruments generally are calibrated on a defined spectral curve. Spectrophotomers work best for liquids and for transmission.

Tristimulus Colorimeter are generally designed to produce colorimetric tristimulus values. (RGB or XYZ)

Visual Colorimeters allows for color matching to a standard.
The potato chart uses visual comparison to classify the degree of "sugar-end" in potatoes.

Reflectometer and Reflectance Spectroscopy

Buslig,-B.S. 1992. Orange juice color measurement with a sphere spectrophotometer. Proc-annu-meet-Fla-State-Hort-Soc. [S.l.] : The Society 104(May) :131-134.Meeting held Oct 29-31, 1991, Miami Beach, Florida.

Ilangantileke,-S.G.; Wahyudi,-T.; Bailon,-M.G. 1991. Assessment methodology to predict quality of cocoa beans for export. J-Food-Qual. 14 (6): 481-496.

Kroll,-M.S. 1993 An improved method for color measurement of adhesives systems. Tappi-j. Norcross, Ga. : The Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 76 (9):171-174.

Mabon,-T.J.1993. Color measurement of food. Cereal Foods World 38 (1): 21-25.

Miltenburg,-G.A.J.; Wensing,-Th.; Smulders,-F.J.M.; Breukink,-H.J. 1992. Relationship between blood hemoglobin, plasma and tissue iron, muscle heme pigment, and carcass color of veal. J. Animal Sci. 70 (9): 2766-2772.

Randall,-D.L. 1994Color measurement and control in leather education committee invited lecture. J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. 89 (10):309-319.

Teass,-H.A.-Jr. 1991 In-pipe color measurement of product in ASBC or EBC units. Tech-Q-Mast-Brew-Assoc-Am. Madison, Wis. : The Association. 28 (2): 50-59.

Thomasson, J.A. 1993. Foreign matter effects on cotton color measurement: determination and correction. Trans-ASAE. 36 (3): 663-669.

Timm, E.J.; Guyer, D.E.; Brown, G.K.; Schulte, N..L.1995. Michigan sweet cherry color measurement and prototype color chip development. Appl-eng-agric. 11 (3): 403-407.

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Updated: Wednesday, October 24, 2007.